I  o U  387  •  •  '^/v'  ' 

||  January,  1917  Extension  Circular  No.  5 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 

COLLEGE  OF  AGRICULTURE 


Extension  Service  in  Agriculture  and  Home  Economics 

IN  COOPERATION  WITH  THE  UNITED  STATES  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE 
W.  F.  HANDSCHIN,  VICE-DIRECTOR 


ORGANIZATION  AND  DIRECTION  OF 
BOYS’  AND  GIRLS’  CLUBS 

Prepared  by  the  Junior  Extension  Service 


URBANA,  ILLINOIS 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 


Foreword .  3 

Introduction  .  4 

Purpose  of  Club  Work .  5 

Steps  in  Organizing  a  Local  Club .  5 

The  Club  Projects . 6 

General  Individual  Requirements .  6 

General  Club  Requirements .  7 

Corn  Club  .  7 

Pig  Club  .  9 

Poultry  Club  .  11 

Garden  and  Canning  Club .  12 

Potato  Club  .  14 

Garment-Making  Club . 15 

Dairy  Club  .  16 

The  Club  Signboard .  17 

Correlation  with  School  Work .  17 

Awards  . 18 

Organizing  a  County  for  Club  Work .  21 

Aims  of  Club  Work . 21 

Agencies  Involved  . f .  21 

Division  of  Labor .  22 

Organization .  23 

Programs  for  Club  Meetings .  24 

General  . 24 

Corn  Club  .  25 

Pig  Club  .  26 

Poultry  Club  .  27 

Potato  Club  .  28 

Dairy  Club  . ' .  29 

Garden  Club  .  31 

Canning  Club  .  32 

Garment-Making  Club .  34 

Suggestions  for  Club  Day  in  Summer .  36 

Club  Contests  . 37 

Corn  Stringing  .  37 

Canning  Club  Contest .  38 

The  Club  Library . 39 

Package  Libraries  .  40 

A  Model  Constitution  with  Suggestions  for  Parliamentary  Procedure .  41 


TO  CLUB  WORKERS 


Country  School  Directors,  Teachers,  and  Pupils : 

Farm  crops  and  farm  animals  cannot  improve  themselves.  The 
farmer,  thru  new  methods  of  selection  and  planting  and  of  breeding 
improves  the  farm  crops  and  the  farm  animals;  but  how  shall  the 
farmers  themselves  be  improved  ?  This  must  be  done  thru  the  better 
organization  and  education  of  the  farmers  and  their  children. 

We  do  not  expect  the  horses  and  cattle  on  the  farm  to  meet 
together  and  discuss  the  question  as  to  how  they  shall  improve  them¬ 
selves  and  be  better  horses  and  cattle  next  year  than  they  were 
before.  We  do  not  expect  the  horses,  cows,  and  pigs  to  hold  conven¬ 
tions  and  form  clubs  in  order  to  discuss  how  to  produce  a  better 
breed  of  cattle,  horses,  and  pigs.  We  do  expect,  however,  that  farmers 
and  their  children  shall  meet  together  and  discuss,  not  only  how  to 
raise  better  crops  and  better  stock,  but  how  to  improve  the  farm  as  a 
place  to  live  and  how  to  improve  the  farmer. 

Why  should  not  the  farmers  of  the  community  meet  often  to 
counsel  together  over  the  betterment  of  country  life?  Why  should 
they  not  meet  often  and  consult  together  as  to  better  methods  of 
making  the  farm  produce  more  in  the  way  of  an  investment  and  be 
more  desirable  in  the  way  of  a  place  to  live?  Such  meetings,  such 
counseling  together,  would  surely  result  in  better  community  organ¬ 
izations.  It  would  result  not  only  in  organizations  of  the  men  and 
women  of  the  rural  communities,  but  in  organizations  of  the  boys  and 
girls  for  self  improvement.  These  boys’  and  girls’  organizations 
usually  take  the  name  of  clubs.  They  may  be  literary  clubs,  social 
clubs,  or  clubs  for  the  study  and  promotion  of  certain  lines  of  farm 
work. 

If  we  hope  to  make  farm  life  a  more  interesting  and  more  worth 
while  thing  for  the  boys  and  girls,  we  must  create  for  them  interesting 
and  worth  while  lines  of  work  and  amusement  in  farm  communities. 
The  organization  of  groups  of  young  people  for  study  and  mutual 
benefit  is  one  of  the  very  best  ways  for  accomplishing  this  end.  These 
boys’  clubs  and  girls’  clubs  will  not  organize  themselves  or  maintain 
themselves.  There  must  be  leaders  who  know  how  to  work  with  the 
young  people  in  these  organizations,  keeping  themselves  as  far  as 
possible  in  the  background. 

Yours  sincerely, 

Francis  G.  Blair 

State  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction 


3 


INTRODUCTION 


This  circular  is  designed  to  assist  those  desirous  of  organizing 
club  work  in  agriculture  and  home  economics  for  boys  and  girls. 
The  value  and  permanence  of  such  work  will  be  largely  determined 
by  the  kind  of  organization.  Too  much  organization  machinery  is 
as  bad,  if  not  worse  than  too  little. 

Club  work  will  not  run  itself ,  but  a  well-laid  plan  undertaken  by 
a  group  of  enthusiastic  club  members  will  take  less  supervision  than 
a  half-hearted,  half-planned  effort.  It  is  unfair  to  a  group  of  young 
people  to  organize  a  club  and  then  permit  it  to  fail  on  account  of  lack 
of  proper  organization. 

Club  work  is  not  a  one-man  job .  The  community  thru  its  various 
organization  should  have  a  part  in  it.  Organized  club  Avork  offers  an 
opportunity  for  all  of  these  agencies  to  intelligently  help  boys  and 
girls  and  to  advance  the  cause  of  better  agriculture  and  better  homes. 
There  is  a  place  for  club  work  in  some  cities,  towns,  and  villages  as 
well  as  in  the  open  country. 

Club  work  is  educational  and  as  such  correlates  with  academic 
school  work,  provides  a  rational  basis  for  school  credit  for  home  work  in 
agriculture  and  home  economics,  and  finds  a  place  in  the  out-of-school 
activities  of  the  school  organization.  The  county  or  city  superin¬ 
tendent  of  schools  is  the  educational  leader  of  his  community  and  as 
such  is  the  logical  club  leader  in  his  territory.  The  county  agricul¬ 
tural  adviser,  officers  of  the  Illinois  Farmers’  Institute  and  of  its 
Household  Science  Department,  as  well  as  representatives  of  com¬ 
mercial  clubs,  high-school  teachers  of  agriculture,  and  home  economics, 
rural,  and  city  teachers,  should  serve  on  committees  and  act  as  local 
leaders.  Parents  and  patrons  of  schools  should  likewise  have  a  part. 

Many  of  the  officials  and  agencies  referred  to  are  anxious  to 
undertake  club  work  but  are  not  advised  as  to  the  best  method  of 
procedure.  There  is  no  best  way  and  each  community  must  originate 
its  own  plan.  The  following  pages  contain  suggestions  for  making 
such  a  plan,  and  these  suggestions  are  based  upon  the  experience  of 
club  leaders  in  this  and  other  states.  In  order  to  make  use  of  material 
from  the  Junior  Extension  Service,  which  must  be  uniform,  it  is 
necessary  that  all  clubs  comply  with  certain  minimum  requirements. 
For  further  information  and  help  with  club  work,  address  your  county 
or  city  superintendent,  local  school  officials,  county  agricultural  ad¬ 
viser,  county  club  leader  or — 

James  H.  Greene 
State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension 

College  of  Agriculture 
Urbana,  Illinois 


THE  ORGANIZATION  OF  BOYS’  AND  GIRLS’ 

CLUBS 

PURPOSE  OF  CLUB  WORK 

The  success  of  any  undertaking  depends,  ultimately,  upon  the 
merit  of  its  purpose  and  how  well  it  fulfils  that  purpose.  Club  work, 
as  has  been  stated,  is  educational,  and  educational  in  the  broadest 
sense  of  the  term.  Thru  its  social,  economic,  and  literary  phases,  it 
provides  a  useful  agency  for  utilizing  the  out-of-school  activities  of 
young  people  for  educational  purposes.  It  aims  to  provide  manly 
and  womanly  jobs  for  boys  and  girls  and  to  “pull  the  stingers  out  of 
common  toil.”  For  the  boy  or  girl  who  has  never  enjoyed  the 
feeling  of  sole  responsibility,  it  provides  an  opportunity  for  doing  a 
real  job,  “all  by  himself.”  It  capitalizes  and  turns  to  good  account 
the  “gang  spirit”  present,  tho  latent,  in  rural  as  well  as  city  boys. 
Likewise  club  work  makes  household  duties  interesting  and  helps 
mother  to  become  an  *  ‘  elder  sister.  ’  ’ 

Club  work  furnishes  the  ‘  ‘  real  life  ’  ’  conditions  for  supplementing 
school  work  in  agriculture  and  home  economics  and  provides  a  rational 
basis  for  school  credit  for  home  work.  It  furnishes  a  concrete  tie 
between  the  home  and  the  school  by  providing  common  ground  for 
parent  and  teacher. 

Club  work  builds  for  the  future.  From  its  ranks  will  be  recruited 
the  rural  life  leaders  of  tomorrow. 

STEPS  IN  ORGANIZING  A  LOCAL  CLUB1 

When  the  local  teacher  or  some  other  person  concludes  that  club 
work  would  be  a  good  thing  for  the  community,  the  following  steps 
are  usually  necessary  to  bring  about  an  organization  : 

1.  Write  to  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension. 

2.  Find  out  if  there  are  any  other  clubs  in  the  county. 

3.  Hold  a  community  meeting  and  have  club  work  presented  so 

that  public  sentiment  will  be  created  for  it. 

4.  Determine  the  nature  of  the  projects  which  would  work  best 

in  the  community. 

5.  Have  children  consult  with  their  parents  before  enrolling. 

6.  Enroll  club  members  and  elect  officers. 

7.  Send  for  bulletins  and  report  blanks. 

8.  Adopt  a  constitution  for  the  club. 

9.  Secure  local  leadership. 

10.  Hold  regular  meetings. 

*Credit  is  due  Mr.  E.  C.  Lindemann,  State  Club  Leader  of  Michigan,  for  the 
material  under  this  heading. 


5 


6 


If  there  are  already  some  clubs  in  the  county,  the  first  step  will 
be  to  get  in  touch  with  the  county  leader  of  these  clubs.  This  person 
will  then  assist  you  in  organizing  your  club. 

When  there  are  no  clubs  in  the  county,  it  is  best  to  secure  the 
services  of  the  State  Leader,  who  will  come  to  the  county  and  assist 
the  county  leader  in  getting  clubs  started  in  the  strategic  points  about 
the  county. 

In  most  cases  it  is  best  to  have  the  girls’  club  separated  from  the 
boys’  club  as  far  as  the  project  work  is  concerned.  For  example,  one 
school  may  have  two  clubs ;  one  to  be  called  ‘  ‘  The  Kaneville  Garment¬ 
making  Club,”  and  the  other  “The  Kaneville  Com  Club.”  Or,  the 
club  may  be  organized  under  one  head  and  be  called  ‘  *  The  Kaneville 
Agricultural  and  Home  Economics  Club,”  with  sections  devoted  to 
the  study  of  the  separate  projects.  Occasionally  the  boys  and  the 
girls  will  meet  together  for  social  and  recreational  purposes. 

It  is  advisable  wherever  possible  to  have  all  of  the  girls  in  a  single 
club  carry  out  the  same  project  and  to  have  all  of  the  boys  in  a 
single  club  carry  out  a  single  project.  This  makes  it  possible  to 
furnish  the  necessary  instructions  with  greater  efficiency,  makes  the 
work  of  the  leader  less  difficult,  and  offers  a  better  basis  for  competi¬ 
tion  at  the  local  exhibits  and  fairs. 

THE  CLUB  PROJECTS 

Club  work  is  not  a  contest  altho  it  may  have  contest  features. 
The  best  club  work  has  an  all-the-year-round  program  with  three 
phases  of  activity:  (a)  the  project,  (b)  the  literary,  as  exemplified 
in  the  club  meetings,  and  (c)  the  social,  as  exemplified  in  meetings, 
play  festivals,  and  contests. 

The  club  work  is  built  around  the  project,  however.  By  a  project 
is  meant  an  organized  plan  for  carrying  on  some  farm  or  home  enter¬ 
prise.  Each  club  member  works  on  an  individual  project.  The  best 
club  work  will  be  done  when  all  members  of  the  same  club  carry  on 
the  same  kind  of  project.  The  choice  of  project  will  be  determined 
by  local  conditions.  Enrollment  in  clubs  is  open  to  residents  of  the 
state  of  Illinois  between  the  ages  of  ten  and  eighteen  years.  For 
purposes  of  competition  and  when  the  membership  is  large  enough 
to  justify  a  division,  it  is  suggested  that  two  groups  be  made  on  the 
following  basis:  Class  A,  10  to  14  years  inclusive;  Class  B,  15  to  18 
years  inclusive. 

GENERAL  INDIVIDUAL  REQUIREMENTS 

Each  club  member  should  agree  to  do  the  following  things : 

1.  Fill  out  an  enrollment  card.  When  a  club  member  enrolls  he 
becomes  a  member  of  the  local,  state,  and  national  club. 

2.  Attend  all  meetings,  if  possible. 

3.  Keep  accurate  records  of  all  work  performed  and  hours  of 
labor,  receipts  and  expenditures,  and  follow  such  instructions  as  are 
given  by  club  leaders, 


/ 


4.  Make  an  exhibit  of  products  at  a  time  and  place  designated  by 
the  club  leader. 

5.  Fill  out  and  mail  all  reports  requested  during  the  completion 
of  the  project,  and  complete  and  file  with  the  club  leader  a  final 
report. 


GENERAL  CLUB  REQUIREMENTS 

1.  Each  club  must  consist  of  at  least  five  members  and  have  a 
club  leader  approved  by  the  county  leader.  Each  leader  is  to  have 
an  advisory  committee  of  at  least  three  adults  to  assist  with  the  club 
work.  Where  there  is  no  county  organization,  local  clubs  will  be 
under  the  direction  of  the  State  Club  Leader.1 

2.  Each  club  should  have  a  constitution,  a,  corps  of  officers,  and 
arrange  a  series  of  regular  program  meetings  to  be  held  at  least  once 
a  month.2 

3.  An  exhibit  of  products  and  a  public  demonstration  of  some 
operation  relating  to  the  project  should  be  arranged. 

Most  projects  provide  material  for  some  work  during  the  entire 
year.  The  following  detailed  description  of  each  project  contains  the 
outline  of  a  year’s  work  which  may  be  supplemented  and  varied  to 
suit  the  needs  of  the  community. 

In  order  to  be  eligible  for  state  and  national  affiliation  and  par¬ 
ticipation  in  state  club  activities,  a  club  must  meet  the  general  club 
requirements  and  the  minimum  requirements  in  the  several  projects. 


CORN  CLUB 


Minimum  Requirements — 

Class  A 

Age:  10  to  14  inclusive 

Acreage: *  *4  acre 

Work  required:  All  work,  except  plowing 

and  similar  heavy  work, 
to  be  done  by  club  mem¬ 
ber. 


Class  B 

15  to  18  inclusive 
1  acre 

All  work  to  be  done  by 
club  member. 


Enrollment  will  open  September  1  and  close  May  1.  Work  must 
be  completed  and  final  reports  filed  by  December  1. 


Suggestions  to  Leaders 

The  club  plat  should  be  measured  by  two  disinterested  witnesses. 
It  should  be  rectangular  in  shape,  all  in  one  piece,  and  should  contain 

^hile  it  is  hoped  that  each  member  will  belong  to  a  local  club,  where  no 
local  club  can  be  organized,  individual  enrollments  in  the  state  club  are  permitted. 

*Each  club  is  encouraged  to  send  thru  its  secretary  a  monthly  report  of  its 
meetings  and  activities  to  the  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension.  The  best  of 
these  will  be  published  in  the  college  publications  and  farm  press. 


8 


4,840  square  rods.  Corn  should  not  be  planted  within  eighteen  inches 
of  each  of  the  four  sides  of  the  plat.  If  possible,  it  should  be  separated 
from  other  com.  If  it  is  necessary  to  place  it  in  a  corner  of  a  corn¬ 
field,  a  check  row  of  soybeans  or  cowpeas  should  be  used  to  mark  the 
boundary  of  the  acre. 


A  School  on  Every  Farm 


There  are  two  ways  of  ascertaining  the  yield.  One  is  to  have 
the  corn  husked  and  weighed  in  the  presence  of  the  two  disinterested 
witnesses  who  measure  the  acre.  The  other  way  is  to  have  each  mem¬ 
ber  of  the  club  number  his  rows  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  and  6.  He  selects  his 
seed  from  rows  1,  2,  3,  and  4  before  frost.  How  number  5  is  husked 
out  on  a  fair  day  by  each  club  member  working  independently.  This 
should  be  done  when  the  corn  is  mature  and  dry,  and  the  day  should 
be  appointed  by  the  club  leader.  Each  member  determines  the  yield 
from  the  acre  by  the  yields  of  the  rows  numbered  5,  and  reports  this 
to  the  club  leader.  Each  member  should  follow  the  directions  given 
in  the  ‘‘Com  Club  Report”  for  determining  the  yield  of  shelled  corn, 
and  all  reported  yields  should  be  made  on  this  basis. 

The  club  leader  will  then  appoint  a  day  on  which  the  members 
with  the  five  or  six  highest  yields  will  meet  and  together  husk  out  rows 
numbered  6  on  each  of  their  respective  plats.  In  this  way  every 


9 


member  who  is  in  the  highest  group  is  given  an  opportunity  to  verify 
the  winner’s  report. 

All  members  who  are  eligible  for  awards  or  other  recognition  and 
all  others  who  so  desire  should  send  to  the  club  leader  a  sample  of 
corn  for  a  moisture  test.  For  this  purpose,  one  quart  of  shelled  corn 
should  be  taken  on  the  day  of  the  final  husking  and  placed  in  a  fruit 
jar  and  sealed. 

In  determining  the  relative  merit  of  club  members,  the  following 
basis  of  award  is  recommended.  From  an  educational  standpoint  it 
is  much  better  to  make  awards  on  such  a  basis  than  on  the  basis  of  an 


exhibit  or  yield  alone. 

Yield  . .  30 

Cost  per  bushel  .  30 

Records  and  story  .  20 

Exhibit  of  ten  ears  of  corn . 20 

Total  . 100 


The  following  calendar  for  a  year  relates  both  to  subject  matter 
for  monthly  meetings  and  to  seasonable  work  in  connection  with  the 
project. 


September — 
October — 
November — 
December — 

January — 
February — 

March — 
and 
April 

May — 

June — 

July — 
August — 


Corn  Club  Calendar 

Organization.  Field  selection  of  seed  corn. 

Storing  seed  corn.  Fall  plowing. 

Club  exhibit.  Judging  of  corn. 

Storage  and  markets.  Corn  soils.  Permanent  systems  of  agri¬ 
culture. 

Making  the  signboard.1  Corn  soils.  Rotation  and  legumes. 
Testing  and  grading  seed  corn.  Making  the  tester. 
Preparation  of  the  seed  bed.  Measuring  the  club  plat. 


Corn  planting.  Insect  enemies  and  diseases  of  corn. 
Cultivation. 

Club  picnic  and  field  day. 

Study  of  the  stand. 


PIG  CLUB 


Minimum  requirements — 

Class  A  Class  B 

Age:  10  to  14  inclusive  15  to  18  inclusive 

No.  of  animals:  1  2 

Work  required:  All  feeding  and  record  keeping. 

Enrollment  opens  October  1  and  closes  June  1. 


xSee  page  17. 


10 


The  following  rules  governing  the  State  Pig  Club  Show  are  taken 
from  the  circular  entitled  “Boys’  and  Girls’  Pig  Clubs,”  issued  by 
the  College  of  Agriculture,  and  should  be  followed  by  local  clubs  in 
order  that  members  may  be  eligible  to  show  animals  at  the  State  Show. 

1.  Each  member  must  secure  one  or  more  pigs  before  June  1,  to 
be  fed,  cared  for,  and  exhibited  by  him. 

2.  He  must  keep  accurate  records  and  report  on  the  kind  of  pig 
or  pigs,  the  feeds,  weights,  gains,  and  methods  of  handling. 

3.  The  record  at  the  beginning  of  the  feeding  period  shall  include 
the  age,  sex,  breed  or  markings,  and  the  weight  of  the  pig.  When  a 
litter  is  raised,  the  total  number  farrowed  and  the  weight  of  each  pig 
at  the  beginning  of  the  feeding  must  be  given.  This  record  should 
be  reported  to  the  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension  on  or  before 
July  1. 

4.  A  complete  record  of  all  feeds  eaten,  as  well  as  the  amount 
and  kind  or  pasture  used,  must  be  kept  and  reported  at  the  call  of 
the  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension. 

5.  All  pigs  for  the  club  contest  must  have  been  farrowed  after 
March  1. 

6.  All  entries  to  the  State  Pig  Club  Show  should  be  sent  to  the 
State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension  by  September  1.  No  entry  or  pen 
fee  will  be  charged,  and  an  admission  ticket  will  be  furnished  each 
contestant. 

7.  Awards  will  be  made  on  the  following  basis : 

The  best  hog  with  respect  to  the  purpose  it  is  to  serve  40 


The  greatest  average  daily  gains  on  the  pig .  20 

The  lowest  cost  of  production .  20 

Best  kept  records  and  reports . '. .  .  20 

Total . . 100 


8.  All  feeds  and  pasture  will  be  valued  at  prices  furnished. 

9.  The  final  report,  including  the  entire  record  since  the  feeding 
began,  must  be  completed  on  September  1,  and  be  in  the  hands  of 
the  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension  on  or  before  September  8. 

10.  The  following  dates  must  be  kept  in  mind : 

March  1 — Day  on  or  after  which  pigs  must  be  farrowed. 

June  1 — Last  day  on  which  feeding  may  be  commenced. 

July  1 — First  report  on  pigs  due. 

August  1 — Second  report  on  pigs  due. 

September  1 — Third  report  on  pigs  due. 

September  1 — Last  day  for  making  entries  to  the  State  Club  Show. 
September  8 — Last  day  for  submitting  final  report. 

Pig  Club  Calendar 

October —  Organization  of  club.  Types  of  Swine — lard  and  bacon.  Origin , 

Novembei  development,  and  history  of  the  breeds  of  swine ;  characteristics 

December  of  each  breed. 


11 


January — 
February 
March 
April 

May — 

June 

July 

August — 
September 


Care  and  Management.  Care  of  brood  sow;  care  at  farrowing 
time.  Hog  houses  and  sanitation.  Care  of  young  pigs;  selec¬ 
tion  of  club  pigs.  Study  of  club  records. 

Feeds  and  Feeding.  Study  of  available  feeds.  Use  of  forage 
crops  and  self-feeder.  Balancing  the  ration.  Monthly  feeding 
records.  Study  of  costs  and  gains  on  different  rations. 

Judging  Hogs.  Study  of  the  score  card.  Comparative  judging. 
Fitting  for  the  show.  Making  out  the  final  reports.  Local  and 
state  shows. 


During  July  or  August  a  club  picnic  or  field  day  should  be  ar¬ 
ranged,  perhaps  in  conjunction  with  other  clubs.  A  judging  contest 
and  perhaps  a  local  pig  show  may  be  arranged  at  this  time. 


POULTRY  CLUB 

Minimum  Requirements:  First  Year’s  Work — 

Class  A  Class  B 

10  to  14  inclusive  15  to  18  inclusive 

Setting  30  eggs  on  or  after  March  15.  Hatching  by 
natural  method  to  be  completed  by  May  15. 

Records  of  hatching  and  weights  of  chicks. 

Enrollment  opens  January  1  and  closes  May  1.  Work  must  be 
completed  and  final  reports  filed  with  the  club  leader  before  January 
1  of  the  year  following. 


Age: 

Work  required: 


The  following  calendar  for  a  year  relates  both  to  subject  matter 
for  club  meetings  and  to  work  in  connection  with  the  club  project. 


Poultry  Club  Calendar 

January — 

Organization  of  club.  Selection  of  breeds,  description  of 
breeds  and  their  adaptation  to  Illinois  conditions. 

February — 

Selection  of  breeding  stock  with  special  reference  to  constitu¬ 
tional  vigor. 

March — 

Making  up  of  breeding  pen,  number  of  females  to  male.  Mak¬ 
ing  of  combination  brooder  and  coop. 

April — 

Selection  and  care  of  eggs  for  hatching.  Making  the  nest. 
Care  of  broody  hen. 

May — 

Care  of  the  little  chicks  for  the  first  three  weeks  after  hatching. 

June — 

Care  and  feeding  of  growing  chicks,  either  on  farm  range  or 
in  small  yards. 

July — 

Raising,  feeding,  and  marketing  the  broilers. 

August — 

Capons  and  caponizing. 

September — 

Fitting  the  young  stock  for  the  fall  exhibit.  Showing  the  stock. 

October — 

Planning  the  poultry  house  for  laying  and  breeding  stock. 

12 


November —  Selecting  and  housing  the  laying  and  breeding  stock  for  next 

year.  Fattening  the  market  stock.  Making  out  the  final  re¬ 
ports. 

December —  Dressing  and  marketing  poultry  products.  Poultry  sanitation. 

During  July  a  club  picnic  or  field  day  should  be  arranged.  This 
may  be  undertaken  in  conjunction  with  other  clubs  in  the  vicinity. 

The  following  basis  of  award  may  be  used  to  determine  the  rela¬ 
tive  merit  of  club  members : 


Birds  alive  at  end  of  competition .  20 

Exhibit  of  flock — market  value,  etc .  20 

Plan  of  poultry  house  with  lumber  bill  or  cardboard 

model .  15 

Pounds  gain  produced  per  bird .  25 

Story,  “How  I  Raised  My  Poultry’ ’ .  20 

Total . 100 


A  Young  Business  Woman 


GARDEN  AND  CANNING  CLUB 


Minimum  Requirements- 


Class  A 


Class  B 


Age:  10  to  14  inclusive  15  to  18  inclusive 

Garden :  Size  of  garden  in  both  classes  to  be  determined 

locally,  varying  from  1  to  16  square  rods. 

Canning:  All  work  in  connection  All  work  in  connection 

with  canning  10  quarts  of  with  canning  20  quarts 
three  varieties  of  fruits,  of  five  varieties  of  fruits, 
vegetables,  or  both.  vegetables,  or  both. 

Note. — While  it  is  highly  desirable  that  both  the  garden  and  the  canning 
parts  of  this  project  be  undertaken,  one  or  the  other  may  be  omitted,  if  so  desired. 


i3 


Enrollment  opens  September  1  and  closes  June  1.  Work  must  be 
completed  and  final  reports  filed  before  December  1. 


The  following  year’s  program  relates  both  to  subject  matter  for 
meetings  and  to  work  in  connection  with  the  project. 


Garden  Club  Calendar 


September — 

Harvesting  and  storing.  Canning. 

October — 

Organization.  Measuring  of  plot.  Destruction  of  weeds 
Saving  of  soil  for  hotbed. 

November — 

Exhibit  of  canned  and  stored  products.  Study  of  fertilizers 
and  rotation. 

December — 

Making  the  signboard.1  Study  of  classes  of  vegetables,  kinds 
of  vegetables  in  classes. 

January — 

Making  plan  of  garden. 

February — 

Study  of  when,  where  and  how  to  plant.  Study  of  catalogs. 
Testing  seeds.  Study  of  percent  of  germination.  Growing 
seeds  and  study  of  seedlings. 

March — 

Making  a  hotbed.  Care  of  hotbed,  ventilation,  and  watering. 
Shifting  seedlings. 

April — 

May 

Preparation  of  seed  bed.  Application  of  fertilizers.  Plowing. 
Transplanting. 

June— 

July 

August 

Care  of  garden,  hoeing,  thinning,  cultivation.  Insect  enemies 
and  spraying.  Marketing. 

A  club  picnic  or  field  day  should  be  arranged  for  some  day  in 
July.  All  of  the  clubs  in  a  county  may  unite  in  this. 


March — 


April — 


June — 


July — 


August — 


Canning  Club  Calendar 

Canning  demonstration  by  club  leader  or  extension  worker. 
Methods  of  food  preservation.  What  causes  food  to  spoil: 
(a)  molds,  (b)  yeasts,  (c)  bacteria.  Object  of  canning. 
Methods  of  canning.  (NR  series  of  U.  S.  Dept,  of  Agr. 
canning  bulletins.) 

Advantages  of  cold-pack  method.  Construct  a  home-made 
canner.  Canning  of  early  vegetables  and  fruits  and  use  in 
diet.  Examples:  spring  greens,  asparagus,  rhubarb. 

Canning  of  vegetables  and  fruits.  Examples :  peas,  early  string 
beans,  strawberries,  cherries.  Advantages  of  canning  fruits 
and  vegetables  at  proper  stage  of  maturity  and  as  soon  after 
picking  as  possible. 

Canning  of  vegetables  and  fruits.  Examples:  wax  beans,  rasp¬ 
berries,  currants,  blueberries,  blackberries,  gooseberries.  Club 
picnic  or  play  festival.  Study  of  reports.  Cost  of  canning 
different  products  and  comparison  with  prices  of  commercial 
products. 

Canning  of  vegetables  and  fruits.  Examples :  green  corn, 
tomatoes,  peaches,  apricots,  plums,  apples. 


^ee  page  17. 


14 


September — 


October — 


November — 


Preparation  for  exhibit.  Study  of  containers,  local  markets. 
Public  canning  demonstration  or  contest.  Canning  of  vegetables 
and  fruits.  Examples:  young  carrots,  beets,  corn,  tomatoes, 
grapes,  peaches,  pears,  apples. 

Study  of  other  methods  of  food  preservation.  Storage.  Use  of 
canned  products.  Uses  of  fruits  and  green  vegetables  in  the 
diet. 

Final  reports  and  stories. 


The  following  bases  of  award  are  suggested  for  determining  the 
relative  merit  of  club  members : 

Canning  Work 

Quantity  and  variety  of  products  (as  shown  in  report)  30 

Cost  of  production .  30 

Exhibit  of  3  or  5  varieties  (quality  and  appearance) .  20 
Records  and  story .  20 

Total . 100 


Garden  Work 


Cost  of  production .  30 

Exhibit  of  1  to  5  varieties .  40 

Records  and  story .  30 

Total . 100 


POTATO  CLUB 

Minimum  Requirements — 


Class  A  Class  B 

Age:  10  to  14  inclusive  15  to  18  inclusive 

Acreage:  1/16  acre  %  acre 

Other  requirements:  Same  as  Corn  Club  Same  as  Corn  Club 

Enrollment  opens  September  1  and  closes  June  1.  Work  must  be 
completed  and  final  reports  filed  before  December  1. 


The  following  suggestions  are  offered  for  the  club  program : 


August — 
or 

September 
October — 
November — 
December — 
January — 


Potato  Club  Calendar 

Harvest  and  store  the  late  potatoes. 

Organization.  Plow  the  field.  Do  not  harrow. 

Exhibit  the  product.  Final  reports  and  stories. 

Study  potato  culture.  Choose  variety  to  be  grown. 

If  possible,  import  seed  from  the  North.  Choose  seed. 


15 


March —  (Depending  on  locality.)  Sprout  seed.  Harrow  field  for  early 

April  and  late  potatoes.  Test  seed  with  formalin.  Plant.  Cultivate 

May  and  hoe.  Spray  for  bugs  when  they  appear. 

June —  Cultivate.  Spray  for  bugs. 

July —  “Lay  by”  the  late  potatoes.  Harvest  the  early  crop.  Select 

hills  from  which  to  get  seed  for  coming  year.1 

August —  Harvest  late  crop. 

The  same  provisions  for  a  July  picnic  or  field  day  suggested  for 
other  clubs  should  be  made. 

In  determining  the  relative  merit  of  contestants,  the  following 
basis  of  award  is  recommended : 


Yield .  30 

Cost  per  bushel .  30 

Exhibit  of  potatoes  .  20 

Story  and  records  .  20 

Total . 100 


GARMENT-MAKING  CLUB 


Minimum  Requirements — 

Class  A  Class  B 


Age: 

Work  required: 


10  to  14  inclusive 

Sewing  apron  (hand  sew¬ 
ing). 

Patching :  overhand, 

hemmed. 

Darning:  cloth,  stocking. 

Garments  (either  machine 
or  hand  sewing: 

(1)  Nightgown  (drafted 
pattern). 

(2)  Petticoat  (commer¬ 
cial  pattern). 

(3)  One  piece  cotton 
dress  or  ‘  ‘middy” 
(commercial  pattern). 

All  work  to  be  done  by 
club  member. 


15  to  18  inclusive 

Sewing  apron  (hand  sew- 
ing). 

Patching :  overhand, 

hemmed. 

Darning:  cloth,  stocking. 

Garments  (either  machine 
or  hand  sewing) : 

(1)  Nightgown  (drafted 
pattern). 

(2)  Corset  cover  or  com¬ 
bination  suit  (com- 
merial  pattern). 

(3)  Cotton  dress  or 

‘  ‘  middy  ’ 1  ( commer¬ 

cial  pattern). 

All  work  to  be  done  by 
club  member. 


Enrollment  opens  September  1  and  closes  February  1.  Work 
must  be  completed  and  final  reports  filed  before  May  1. 


Garment-Making  Club  Calendar 

September —  Sewing  apron. 

October —  Nightgown  (drafted  pattern).  Patching:  overhand,  hemmed. 

November 


^ee  U.  S.  Dept,  of  Agr.  Potato  Club  circular. 


16 


December — • 
January 


February — 
March 


Class  A:  Petticoat  (commercial  pattern).  Class  B:  Corset 
cover  or  combination  (commercial  pattern).  Both  classes: 
Darning — cloth,  stocking. 

Class  A :  One  piece  cotton  dress  or  1 1  middy.  ’  ’  Class  B : 
Cotton  dress  or  “middy"  (commercial  patterns). 


April — 


Final  reports  and  exhibits. 


May  1 —  Leaders/  reports  due. 

July —  Club  picnic  or  field  day,  to  be  held  jointly  with  other  clubs  of 

county. 


The  following  basis  of  award  is  suggested  for  determining  the 
relative  merit  of  club  members : 


Quality  of  work . 35 

Selection  of  materials .  25 

Exhibit .  20 

Becords  and  story .  20 

Total . 100 


DAIRY  CLUB 

Minimum  Requirements — 

Special  Class 

Age:  12  to  18  inclusive 

Work  required:  Records  of  feeding  and  production  of  1  to  3  cows 

during  2  to  6  months. 

Enrollment  opens  September  1  and  closes  December  1.  Work 
must  be  completed  and  final  report  filed  by  June  1. 


The  following  program  relates  both  to  subject  matter  for  meetings 
and  to  work  in  connection  with  the  project: 


Dairy  Club  Calendar 


August — 

Organization.  Selection  of  the  cow. 

September — 

Feeding  the  cow. 

October — 

Testing  the  cow. 

November — 

Care  of  the  cow. 

December — 

Cow  comfort  in  the  barn. 

J  anuary — 

Fresh  air  for  the  cow. 

February — 

Sunlight  ifi  the  dairy  barn. 

March — 

Cleanliness  in  the  dairy  barn. 

April — 

The  cow  a  conserver  of  fertility. 

May — 

Summer  silage  or  pasture. 

June — 

Fly  time. 

July— 

The  economy  of  the  dairy  cow. 

During  the  month  of  July,  the  usual  picnic  or  field  day  should 
be  arranged.  A  Babcock  test  demonstration  by  club  members  during 
the  winter  at  some  public  meeting  will  do  much  to  add  to  the  interest. 


17 


In  determining  the  relative  merit  of  club  members  the  following 
basis  of  award  will  be  used : 

Number  of  cows :  5  points  for  each  cow,  but  not  to 


exceed  15  points .  15 

Completeness  of  record .  20 

Neatness  and  accuracy .  20 

Cost  of  producing  100  pounds  of  milk .  10 

Cost  of  producing  1  pound  of  butter  fat .  10 

A  story  describing  the  chief  points  of  interest 
developed  by  the  test  and  their  application  to 
farm  practice .  25 

Total . 100 


THE  CLUB  SIGNBOARD 

Every  man  and  woman  in  business  displays  a  sign.  One  of  the 
things  each  club  member  should  do  is  to  make  and  letter  a  signboard. 
This  should  be  12x18  inches,  planed  on  one  side.  The  signboard  should 
bear  the  name  of  the  local  or  county  club  preceded  by  the  word 
‘  ‘  Member,  ’  ’  as : 


Member 

McLean  County 
Corn  Club 


The  lettering  is  best  done  by  means  of  a  stencil  which  may  be 
cut  from  cardboard  or  stiff  paper.  Letters  may  be  cut  from  advertise¬ 
ments  or  may  be  made  by  some  club  member.  These  are  then  laid 
on  the  cardboard  or  stiff  paper,  their  outline  drawn  with  a  pencil  and 
the  letters  cut  out,  care  being  taken  to  leave  portions  when  such  are 
necessary  to  preserve  the  outlines  of  the  letter.  The  signboard  may 
be  placed  on  a  post  in  front  of  the  residence  or  on  the  plat  of  the 
club  member. 

CORRELATION  WITH  SCHOOL  WORK 

The  state  course  of  study  and  most  county  courses  provide  for 
the  club  work  in  connection  with  nature-study-agriculture.  The 
seasonal  sequence  of  the  various  club  programs  will  fit  in  with  this 
course  of  study  and  teachers  and  club  leaders  are  referred  to  it  for 
suggestions  foi*  such  correlations. 

It  is  suggested  that,  with  the  approval  of  school  officials,  a  certain 
week  be  set  aside  when  the  preparation  of  the  final  reports  in  the 
several  clubs  be  made  the  subject  of  the  arithmetic  and  composition 
work.  This  time  will  vary  with  localities  and  with  the  various  clubs. 

Club  meetings  may  take  the  place  of  Friday  afternoon  exercises 
once  a  month  and  may  furnish  a  motive  for  more  intelligent  participa¬ 
tion  in  these  exercises.  This  may  also  serve  to  attract  patrons,  who 
may  be  invited  to  participate  in  the  programs.  Club  programs  may 
also  be  combined  with  spelling  schools. 


18 


The  local  club  exhibit  may  be  made  an  interesting  part  of  the 
school  exhibit.  County  and  township  fairs  and  exhibits  should  not 
crowd  out  the  exhibit  of  a  local  club.  This  will  serve  to  arouse  interest 
and  furnish  valuable  experience  for  the  prospective  exhibitors  at 
county  and  state  shows. 

AWARDS 

The  following  articles  and  trips  make  suitable  awards  for  club 
work  when  other  than  school  credit  is  desired.  Avoid  large  cash 
prizes.  Any  system  of  awards  should  include  a  club  achievement  em¬ 
blem  for  every  member  who  complies  with  all  of  the  club  requirements. 

1.  Educational  trips  to  normal  colleges,  club  camps,  agricultural 
fairs,  University  of  Illinois,  live-stock  shows,  etc.,  with  all  expenses 
paid. 

2.  Pure-bred  live  stock,  especially  pigs  and  poultry. 

3.  Farm  machinery — plows,  corn  graders,  etc. 

4.  Wearing  apparel — sweaters,  etc. 

5.  Pennants  and  banners. 

6.  Miscellaneous — thimbles,  scissors  or  shears,  pens,  hatpins,  scarf 
pins,  tie  clasps,  knives,  toilet  sets  or  articles. 

7.  Sporting  goods — baseball,  tennis,  football,  and  basketball 
supplies. 

8.  Books — agricultural  and  fiction.  For  books  on  agriculture,  see 
“List  of  Books  for  the  Farmer’s  Library,”  an  Agricultural  College 
Extension  publication.  For  books  of  fiction  and  of  general  interest, 
the  following  list  is  recommended  by  Mrs.  Edna  Lyman  Scott,  a 
specialist  in  children’s  reading. 

Boys — 

Pyle.  Eobin  Hood.  Scribner.  $3.00. 

Stevenson.  Treasure  Island.  Scribner.  $1.25. 

Stevenson.  Treasure  Island,  illus.  Wyeth.  $2.50. 

Bostock.  Training  of  Wild  Animals.  Century.  $1.00. 

Collins.  Boys’  Book  of  Model  Aeroplanes.  Century.  $1.20. 

Terrell.  Harper’s  Aircraft  Book.  Harper.  $1.00. 

French.  Lance  of  Kanana.  Lathrop.  $1.00. 

Grenfell.  Adrift  on  an  Ice  Pan.  Houghton.  $0.75. 

Wallace.  Lure  of  the  Labrador  Wild.  Eevell.  $1.50. 

Setoh-Thompson.  Wild  Animals  I  Have  Known.  Scribner.  $1.75. 

Bond.  With  Men  Who  Do  Things.  Munn.  $1.50. 

Selvin.  Behind  the  Scenes  with  Wild  Animals.  Moffat.  $2.00. 

Comstock.  Handbook  of  Nature  Study.  $3.00. 

Fitzpatric.  Jvet  of  the  Bushweld.  Longmans.  $2.00. 

Masefield.  Jim  Davis  (Pauli).  Stokes.  $1.25. 

Masefield.  Martin  Hyde.  Stokes.  $1.25. 


19 


Girls — • 

Richards.  Florence  Nightingale.  Appleton.  $1.25. 

Lpyri.  Heidi — Story  of  Little  Swiss  Girl,  illus.  Dutton.  $2.50. 

Dodge.  Hans  Brinker  or  the  Silver  Skates.  Scribner.  $1.50. 

Alcott.  Little  Women,  illus.  Little.  $2.00 

Hawthorne.  Wonder  Book,  illus.  by  Crane.  Houghton.  $1.75. 

Twain.  Prince  and  the  Pauper.  Harper.  $1.75. 

Bennett.  Master  Skylark.  Century.  $1.50. 

Lamb.  Tales  from  Shakespeare,  illus.  by  Price.  Scribner.  $2.50. 
Pyle.  King  Arthur  and  His  Knights.  Scribner.  $2.50. 

Lagerlof.  Wonderful  Adventures  of  Nils.  Doubleday.  $1.50. 

Kelley.  Three  Hundred  Things  a  Bright  Girl  Can  Do.  Estes.  $1.75. 
Johnson.  When  Mother  Lets  Us  Cook.  Moffat.  $0.75. 

Fryer.  Mary  Frances’  Housekeeping  Book.  Winston.  $1.20. 


9.  4-H  Emblems.  This  is  the  official  club  emblem  and  it  is  recom¬ 
mended  that  any  system  of  prizes  include  one  of  these  for  every 
club  member  who  completes  the  project  requirements.  (For  further 
information,  write  to  the  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension.) 


Achievement  Emblems 


20 


21 


ORGANIZING  A  COUNTY  FOR  CLUB  WORK1 

Note. — This  plan  may  be  modified  to  suit  the  needs  of  a  smaller 
geographical  unit,  such  as  a  city  or  the  district  tributary  to  a  city. 


AIMS  OF  CLUB  WORK. 

1.  To  give  boys  and  girls  a  chance  to  become  a  part  of  the 
movement  for  better  agriculture  and  better  living. 

2.  To  help  boys  and  girls  to  achieve  success  in  manly  and 
womanly  jobs  thru  club  projects. 

3.  To  provide  a  concrete  basis  for  cooperation  between  home  and 
school  and  thus  lay  the  foundation  for  a  rational  system  of  school 
credit  for  home  work  in  agriculture  and  home  economics. 

4.  To  give  boys  and  girls  businesslike  jobs,  the  net  profits  from 
which  shall  be  theirs. 

5.  To  provide  an  organization  whereby  all  interested  agencies  in 
the  community  can  help  the  boys  and  girls  to  achieve  the  aims  out¬ 
lined,  by  providing  (a)  capable  leadership,  and  (b)  suitable  awards. 

AGENCIES  INVOLVED 

1.  County  Advisory  Committee  composed  of  three  or  more  mem¬ 
bers  selected  from  the  following  organizations : 

!  County  superintendent  of  schools 
City  superintendent  of  schools 
Principal,  township  high  school 

Farmers  ’  Institutes 

Household  science  organizations 

Farm  Bureaus 

County  fair  associations 

Commercial  clubs 

Pure-bred  live-stock  associations 

2.  County2  Club  Leader 

By  virtue  of  his  office  the  county  superintendent  of  schools  is  the  county 
club  leader.  He  may  delegate  his  duties  to  someone  else.  The  ideal 
arrangement  is  to  have  a  county  leader  who  is  made  an  assistant  county 
superintendent  of  schools  and  who  can  attend  to  many  other  details  of 
school  administration  in  addition  to  the  supervision  of  the  club  work. 
Such  an  arrangement  permits  all-the-year  round  supervision  of  the  club 
work  and  makes  possible  closer  relationship  between  it  and  the  school 
work  in  agriculture  and  home  economics. 

3.  Junior  Extension  Service 

State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension 
Assistant  State  Leader  in  Junior  Extension 
Extension  specialists 


Acknowledgment  is  made  to  Mr.  George  E.  Farrell,  U.  S.  Department  of 
Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C.  for  suggestions  used  in  the  preparation  of  this 
plan. 

2Wherever  the  word  county  appears,  the  word  city  or  district  may  be  sub¬ 
stituted. 


22 


4.  Local  Leaders 

Teachers 
Ministers 
Farm  Women 
Parents  and  patrons 

Anyone  interested  in  boys,  girls,  agriculture,  or  home  economies 


5.  Local  Advisory  Committee 

Three  residents  of  the  community,  one  a  woman,  who  are  interested  in  the 
club  work.  If  the  local  teacher  is  not  the  club  leader,  he  should  serve 
on  the  committee. 

6.  Club  Members 

Boys  and  girls  from  10  to  18  years  of  age. 


DIVISION  OF  LABOR 

1.  The  County  Advisory  Committee  will — 

Provide  financial  support  for  county  club  leaders. 

Assist  in  choice  of  projects  for  clubs. 

Cooperate  with  county  adviser  and  county  club  leader  in  securing  local  lead¬ 
ers  and  organization. 

Provide  time  and  place  for  club  exhibit  and  contests,  and  suitable  awards  for 
same  (fall  or  winter). 

If  possible,  arrange  for  play  festival,  club  picnic,  or  club  camp  (summer). 


2.  The  County  Club  Leader  if  appointed  for  the  entire  school 
year,  in  his  capacity  as  assistant  county  superintendent  of  schools 
will  devote  a  portion  of  his  time  during  the  regular  school  year  to — 

Assisting  teachers  to  organize  clubs. 

Conducting  demonstrations. 

Assisting  local  leaders  to  secure  advisory  committees. 

Assisting  in  planning  and  arranging  for  local  and  county  exhibits  and  play 
festivals. 

During  the  vacation  period  he  will  visit  leaders,  clubs,  and  individual 
members. 

3.  Junior  Extension  Service  will  furnish — 

All  blanks  and  forms. 

Follow-up  instructions. 

Time  of  State  Leader  or  Assistant  State  Leader  in  general  organization, 
and  at  exhibit  time  or  during  cropping  season. 

Suggestions  and  help  in  planning  exhibit  and  help  to  members  and  leaders 
by  correspondence  at  all  times. 

4.  The  Local  Leaders  will — 

Organize  clubs  of  not  less  than  five  members  from  10  to  18  years  of  age 
(all  clubs  to  have  regular  club  officers  and  constitution). 


23 


Send  a  copy  of  the  club  enrollment  to  the  county  leader  and  to  the  State 
Leader  on  forms  provided. 

Arrange  for  and  attend  each  club  meeting. 

Visit  club  members  at  least  once  each  month  and  assist  in  keeping  records 
during  work  of  club  project. 

Notify  club  members  of  field  meetings  and  festivals. 

Assist  club  members  to  prepare  exhibits  or  demonstrations. 

Secure  reports  and  stories  and  forward  them  to  the  county  leader  at  the 
proper  time. 

5.  The  Local  Advisory  Committee  will — 

Act  as  sponsors  and  advisors  for  club  locally. 

Assist  in  visiting  projects  of  club  members. 

Assist  local  leader  in  arranging  for  local  meetings,  exhibits,  festivals,  and 
demonstrations. 

6.  The  Club  Members  agree  to — 

Fill  out  enrollment  cards.  When  a  club  member  enrolls,  he  becomes  a  mem¬ 
ber  of  the  local,  state,  and  national  club. 

Attend  all  meetings,  if  possible. 

Keep  accurate  records  of  all  work  performed,  hours  of  labor,  receipts  and 
expenditures,  and  follow  instructions  as  given  by  club  leaders. 

Fill  out  and  mail  reports  requested  while  carrying  on  the  project,  and  com¬ 
plete  and  file  with  club  leader  a  final  report. 


ORGANIZATION 

1.  Area  of  operation : 

The  county  club  will  include  all  members  in  the  county. 

The  local  club  may  be  organized  in  a  school  district  or  community  of  such 
size  as  to  permit  visitation  and  assembling  of  club  members. 

2.  Local  clubs  shall  consist  of  not  less  than  five  members  from 
10  to  18  years  of  age. 

3.  Each  club  will  have  a  constitution  and  regular  officers. 

4.  Each  club  will  work  on  one  or  not  more  than  two  projects 
(one  for  boys  and  one  for  girls),  chosen  from  the  county  list. 

5.  Each  club  will  hold  at  least  one  meeting  each  month,  and  more 
if  desirable. 

6.  Where  the  size  of  the  club  permits  division,  two  classes  may 
be  established  as  follows : 

Class  A — 10  to  14  years  inclusive 

Class  B — 15  to  18  years  inclusive 

This  provides  a  basis  for  fair  competition  and  separate  club  meet¬ 
ings,  if  desired. 


24 


PROGRAMS  FOR  CLUB  MEETINGS 

The  programs  for  club  meetings  will  depend  largely  on  the  type 
of  project,  the  time  to  be  devoted  to  meetings,  and  the  originality  of 
the  leader.  There  should  be  something  for  everyone  to  do;  each  in¬ 
dividual  should  have  some  share  in  each  club  meeting. 

The  general  program  might  divide  itself  into:  (1)  project; 
(2)  business,  literary,  and  demonstration;  (3)  social.  No  one  of 
these  three  divisions  can  be  carried  on  exclusive  of  the  others.  The 
projects  will  have  their  stories,  the  literary  programs  will  sometimes 
include  project  demonstrations,  while  the  social  spirit  should  always 
be  present. 

It  would  be  well  to  combine  as  much  of  a  “do”  program  as 
possible  with  the  literary  work.  Demonstrations,  ‘  ‘  stunts,  ’  ’  and  con¬ 
tests  always  add  interest.  Do  not  forget  that  music  is  always  a 
welcome  addition  to  a  club  program.  The  following  suggestions  are 
given  merely  to  assist  the  club  in  arranging  for  the  year’s  work. 
Further  suggestions  may  be  obtained  by  studying  the  programs  of 
projects  other  than  yours.  Meetings  should  be  held  at  least  once  a 
month,  perhaps  oftener  at  certain  seasons  of  the  year.  They  may  be 
held  in  the  schoolhouse  Friday  afternoon,  and  the  young  pupils  and 
others,  not  members  of  the  club,  may  be  guests.  Occasional  evening 
meetings  with  social  features  and  refreshments  should  be  held. 

In  the  conduct  of  club  meetings  a  good  leader  will  remain  in  the 
background  as  much  as  possible,  permitting  the  officers  of  the  club 
to  conduct  the  meeting.  Parents,  patrons,  members  of  the  advisory 
committee,  and  outside  speakers  should  have  a  place  on  certain  pro¬ 
grams,  but  it  should  ever  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  club  is  for  boys  and 
girls,  and  care  should  be  exercised  that  the  adults  do  not  crowd  them 
off  the  programs.  A  club  will  be  far  more  successful  if  it  succeeds 
in  stimulating  its  own  members  to  take  part  in  club  meetings,  than 
if  it  merely  fills  up  its  programs  with  outside  speakers. 

In  connection  with  the  club  meetings  visits  should  be  made  to 
places  where  actual  club  work  can  be  observed.  The  corn  plat,  the 
pig  pen,  and  the  garden  should  be  utilized  in  this  connection.  Obser¬ 
vation  trips  and  “hikes”  should  be  taken  to  observe  ideal  conditions 
on  farms  or  in  homes. 

GENERAL  PEOGRAMS 


Organization 


(1)  Roll  call 
Talks  on : 

Purpose  of  organization 

How  we  are  connected  with  other  organizations 
What  others  will  do  for  us 
What  we  will  do  for  ourselves 
What  we  will  do  for  others 
How  we  are  going  to  make  our  club  a  success 
Discussions  of  assignments  for  months 
Discussion  of  record  books 


25 


(1)  Roll  call 


Final  Reports 


Talks  on: 

Making-  a  final  report 

How  to  fill  out  items  from  record  book 

Comparison  of  results 

Points  for  a  good  story 

Plan  for  next  year’s  club 


CORN  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call,  answered  by  current  events 
Talks  on: 

Preparation  of  ground  for  corn 
Ground  best  suited  to  corn  growing 
Clover  seed  or  timothy  sod  for  corn  ground 
Shall  we  check  or  drill  the  corn 
When  and  how  to  cultivate 

Demonstration :  Out-of-doors  trip  to  look  for  ground  suitable  for  corn  plats 

(2)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  breeds  or  types  of  corn 
Talks  on: 

Selection  of  seed  ears 
Scoring  of  seed  corn 
A  study  of  score  card 
Methods  of  storing  seed  corn 

Demonstration:  Selection  of  seed  ears;  making  of  seed  corn  rack 
Contest:  Stringing  of  seed  corn  (see  page  37) 

(3)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Methods  of  testing  seed  corn 
Germination  box  test 
Other  methods 

How  to  apply  germination  tests 
Improving  varieties  of  corn 

Demonstration:  The  construction  of  a  germination  box 

(4)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  corn-belt  states 
Talks  on: 

The  harvesting  of  corn 
Uses  of  corn  as  a  feed 
Corn  silage 

Corn — whole,  shelled,  or  ground 
Corn  stover  and  fodder 
Methods  of  storing  corn 

Demonstration :  A  visit  to  farms  to  see  various  methods  of  storing  corn 

(5)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  corn  products 
Talks  on: 

Part  corn  plays  in  world’s  industries 

Corn  as  a  human  food  product 

Manufacture  of  starch 

Distilling  of  corn 

Canning  of  corn 

Corn  as  a  breakfast  food 

Corn  meal 


26 


Demonstration  in  form  of  an  exhibit  showing  some  of  these  products 
Social:  Have  a  luncheon  or  dinner  using  only  corn  products 

Note. — Write  to  manufacturers  of  corn  products  for  information  and  samples. 

(6)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  places  where  corn  exhibits  are  held 
Talks  on: 

How  to  select  exhibits 
How  to  groom  exhibits 
How  to  ship  exhibits 
The  value  of  exhibits 
Demonstration :  Preparation  of  an  exhibit 

(7)  Roll  call 

General  discusion  on  making  out  corn-club  reports 
Discusion  of: 

Time  required  to  plow  an  acre 

Time  required  to  plant  an  acre 

Means  of  determining  weight  of  shelled  corn 

(8)  Roll  call,  answered  by  name  of  a  poem  or  song  about  corn 
Talks  on: 

Our  Corn  Club 

What  I  like  most  in  our  Corn  Club 
Where  we  need  to  grow  in  our  Corn  Club  work 
Our  records — our  members 
Our  next  year’s  Corn  Club 
Social  hour  with  games 

References  on  Corn: 

U.  S'.  Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Farmers’  Bui.  253  Germination  of  Seed  Corn 
Farmers’  Bui.  298  Food  Value  of  Corn  and  Corn  Products 
Farmers’  Bui.  313  Harvesting  and  Storing  of  Corn 
Farmers’  Bui.  414  Corn  Cultivation 
Farmers’  Bui.  415  Seed  Corn 
Farmers’  Bui.  537  How  to  Grow  an  Acre  of  Corn 
Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Urbana,  Ill. 

Bui.  132  Effect  of  Selection  on  Certain  Physical  Characters  in  the  Corn 
Plant 

Bui.  181  Soil  Moisture  and  Tillage  for  Corn 

Bui.  191  Yields  of  Different  Varieties  of  Corn  in  Illinois 


PIG  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  breeds  or  breed  characteristics 
Talks  on: 

Origin  of  swine 
Characteristics  of  lard  hog 
Characteristics  of  bacon  hog 

Demonstration:  Locating  and  naming  parts  of  a  hog  from  a  drawing, 

picture,  or  chart 

(2)  Roll  call,  answered  by  names  of  prominent  breeders 
Talks  on: 

History  of  Duroc-Jersey 
History  of  Poland-China 


27 


History  of  Chester- White 
History  of  Berkshire 
History  of  Hampshire 

(3)  Boll  call,  answered  by  naming  essentials  for  a  healthy  herd 
Talks  on: 

Mineral  matter  in  the  ration 
Sanitary  hog  houses 

Individual  hog  houses  vs.  the  colony  hog  house 
Dipping  hogs 

Demonstration:  Making  an  individual  hog  house,  using  blackboard  or  model 

(4)  Boll  call,  answered  by  naming  forage  crops  suitable  for  swine 
Talks  on: 

Alfalfa  pasture 
Bape 

Other  kinds  of  pasture 

(5)  Boll  call,  answered  by  naming  feeds  suitable  for  swine 
Talks  on: 

Home  grown  feeds 

Feeds  that  must  be  purchased 

Demonstration:  Blackboard  explanation  of  nutritive  ratio  of  a  feed  or  a 
ration 

(6)  Judging  contest:  Each  member  to  place  three  hogs 

(Basis  of  award:  placing,  50;  reasons,  50) 


References  on  Pigs: 

Bui.  109  The  Location,  Construction,  and  Operation  of  Hog  Houses.  Agr. 
Exp.  Sta.,  Urbana,  Ill. 

Bui.  147  Pork  Production.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  Lincoln,  Neb. 

Bui.  124  Fattening  Hogs  in  Nebraska.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  Lincoln,  Neb. 

Bui.  136  Forage  Crops  for  Swine.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  Ames,  la. 

Bui.  143  Hogging  Down  Corn — A  Successful  Practice.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta., 

Ames,  la. 

Bui.  110  Forage  Crop  Botations  for  Pork  Production.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta., 
Columbia,  Mo. 

Farmers  *  Bui.  205 — U.  S.  Dept,  of  Agr.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


POULTBY  CLUB  PBOGBAMS 

(1)  Boll  call,  answered  by  naming  types  of  poultry 
Talks  on: 

Origin  of  poultry 
Types  of  poultry 

(a)  Mediterranean,  or  egg  breeds 

(b)  American,  or  general-purpose  breeds 

(c)  Asiatic,  or  meat  breeds 

(d)  English  breeds 
What  type  should  be  raised 

(2)  Boll  call,  answered  by  naming  breeds  of  poultry 
Talks  on  Mediterranean,  or  egg  breeds: 

Leghorns  Blue  Andalusians 

Minorcas  Anconas 

Spanish 


28 


(3)  Roll  call 

Talks  on  American,  or  general-purpose  breeds: 

Plymouth  Rocks  Dominiques 
Wyandottes  Rhode  Island  Reds 

Javas  Buckeyes 

(4)  Roll  call 

Talks  on  Asiatic,  or  meat,  breeds : 

Brahmas  Cochins  Langshans 

Talks  on  English  breeds: 

Dorkings  Orpingtons  Red  Caps 

(5)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Selection  of  breeding  stock 
(a)  Constitutional  vigor 
Mating  up  of  breeding  pen: 

(a)  Males  (b)  Females 

Note. — It  is  suggested  that  the  club  leader,  if  he  is  not  a  poultry  man,  secure 
some  one  to  bring  in  some  birds  and  present  these  topics  to  the  young  people. 

(6)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Parts  of  a  fowl  (see  Farmers’  Bui.  528) 

Marking  of  parts  in  various  breeds 
Demonstration:  Draw  a  fowl;  name  or  label  parts. 


References  on  Poultry: 

U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Farmers’  Bui.  51  Standard  Breeds  of  Poultry 
Farmers’  Bui.  528  Hints  to  Poultry  Raisers 

Farmers’  Bui.  562  Organization  of  Boys’  and  Girls’  Poultry  Clubs 
Farmers’  Bui.  574  Poultry  House  Construction 
Farmers’  Bui.  594  Shipping  Eggs  by  Parcels  Post 
Farmers’  Bui.  624  Natural  and  Artificial  Brooding  of  Chickens 
Farmers’  Bui.  682  A  Simple  Trap  Nest  for  Poultry 


POTATO  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  varieties 
Talks  on : 

Early  and  late  varieties 
Straw  potatoes 

Demonstration:  Making  of  potato  starch 

(2)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  diseases  and  insect  pests  of  potatoes 
Talks  on: 

Spray  mixtures 
Treating  seed 

Demonstration :  Treatment  of  seed  with  formalin 

(3)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  tools  used  in  potato  culture 
Talks  on: 

Preparation  of  seed  bed.  Planting.  Cultivation.  Digging. 


29 


(4)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  potato-growing  states 
Talks  on: 

Selection  of  seed 
Preparing  seed  for  planting 

Demonstration:  Hill  selection  of  seed  (see  U.  S.  Potato  Club  bulletin).  This 
should  take  place  on  club  plat. 

References  on  the  Potato: 

U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Potato  Growing  as  Club  Work  in  the  North  and  West 
Hints  to  Potato  Growers 

Recipes  for  the  Use  of  Potatoes  and  Homemade  Potato  Starch  (Form  0-7) 
Farmers’  Bui.  305  Farm  Management  in  Northern  Potato-Growing  Sec¬ 
tions 

Farmers’  Bui.  407  The  Potato  as  a  Truck  Crop 

Farmers’  Bui.  753  Commercial  Handling,  Grading,  and  Marketing  of 
Potatoes 

Bui.  101  Potato  Warehouse  Plans.  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Fargo, 
N.  D. 

Extension  Bui.  8.  College  of  Agriculture,  Columbus,  Ohio 
Bui.  146  (1916)  Diseases  of  the  Potato.  Penn.  State  College  of  Agriculture, 
State  College,  Penna. 

DAIRY  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  breeds  of  dairy  cattle 
Talks  on: 

History  of  dairy  cattle 
Single-purpose  dairy  cattle 
Dual-purpose  cattle 

(2)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Dairy  cattle  score 

(a)  Constitution 

(b)  Capacity 
Demonstration :  Judge 

(3)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Testing  the  cow 
The  Babock  test 

The  best  cow  in  our  herd — before  the  test,  after  the  test 
Demonstration  :  Run  a  Babcock  test. 

(4)  Roll  Call 
Talks  on: 

Care  of  cows 
Cow  comfort  in  the  barn 
Fresh  air  for  the  cow 
Cleanliness  in  dairy  barn 

(5)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Dairy  barn  construction 
Types  of  dairy  barns 

Requirements  of  law  for  dairy  barns  and  milk  houses 


card 

(c)  Temperament 

(d)  Milk  organs 

a  dairy  cow.  Place  a  ring  of  dairy  cows 


30 


(6)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Feeds  and  feeding  of  dairy  cow 
Nutrients 
Types  of  feed 
Silage 
Pasture 

Grain  for  the  dairy  cow 

(7)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Cows  as  conservers  of  fertility 
Economy  of  the  dairy  cow 
Treatment  of  cows  in  fly  time 

(8)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  some  product  made  from  milk 
Talks  on: 

The  silo  on  the  dairy  farm 

Kinds  of  silos  I  have  seen  or  read  about 

Open  discussion  led  by  chairman 

(9)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  a  dairy  country  or  county,  either  in  Europe 
or  in  America 

Talks  on: 

The  importance  of  good  farm  papers 
Hoard’s  Dairyman 
Kimball’s  Dairy  Farmer 
Various  breed  journals 
Milk  and  its  products  as  food 
How  to  feed  a  calf 

Demonstration:  Each  member  hand  in  an  outline  of  the  dairy  articles  read 
during  the  past  month 

(10)  Roll  call,  answered  by  giving  the  name  and  price  per  ton  of  a  good  feed  for 
the  dairy  cow 

Talks  on: 

Future  Possibilities  of  the  Dairy  Industry 
Read  a  good  article  on  dairying 
Read  an  essay  on  How  to  feed  the  dairy  cow 

(11)  Saturday  afternoon: 

Plan  to  visit  some  modern  dairy  farm  in  your  vicinity.  Take  notes  on  the 
building,  stock,  and  methods  of  feeding.  Hand  in  a  detailed  report  of 
the  trip  at  the  next  regular  meeting. 


References  on  Dairying : 

Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Urbana,  Ill. 

Circ.  152  Feeding  Dairy  Cows 

Circ.  162  Care  of  Milk  in  the  Home 

Circ.  174  Testing  for  Fat  in  Milk  by  the  Babock  Test 

Circ.  188  Construction  of  the  Dairy  House 

Bui.  146  Alfalfa  vs.  Timothy  Hay  and  Alfalfa  vs.  Bran  for  Dairy  Cows 
Bui.  159  Balanced  vs.  Unbalanced  Rations  for  Dairy  Cows 


81 


GARDEN  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Our  garden  plats,  measuring  them 
Destruction  of  weeds  in  fall 
The  type  of  soil 

Fall  preparation  of  the  seed  bed 
Fertilizers 

Demonstration:  Measure  plat  and  give  fall  preparation 

(2)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  garden  seeds 
Talksl  on: 

What  I  am  going  to  plant 
How  to  make  a  garden  plan 
When,  where,  and  how  to  get  our  seeds 
Value  of  germination  tests 

Demonstration:  Draw  a  garden  plan  and  make  germination  tests 

(3)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  plants  grown  in  a  hotbed 
Talks  on: 

Construction  of  hotbed 
Care  of  hotbed 

Demonstration:  Construct  a  hotbed 

(4)  Roll  call,  answered  by  names  of  seeds  not  grown  in  hotbed 
Talks  on: 

Spring  preparation  of  seed  bed 

How  to  sow  our  seeds 

When  to  sow  the  different  varieties 

Requirements  of  different  seeds 

Transplanting 

(5)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Weeds — varieties 

Life  history  of  some  weeds 

How  to  destroy  weeds 

(6)  Roll  call 

Talks  on  insect  enemies: 

Most  common  pests  of  our  neighborhood 
Various  stages  in  life  history 
How  to  combat  them 

Value  of  birds,  toads,  owls,  etc.,  in  combating  insects 

(7)  Roll  call 
Talks  on : 

Sprays 

Kinds 

How  to  make  or  when  to  buy 
When  and  how  to  apply 

(8)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Cultivation 

Conservation  of  moisture 
Cultivation  for  destruction  of  weeds 
Dangers  of  improper  cultivation 
Bacteria  in  the  soil 


32 


(9)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Harvesting  of  our  crops 
Marketing 

How  to  clean  for  market 
Suitable  packages,  bundles,  etc. 

Grading  for  market  and  for  canning 

(10)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Classes  of  vegetables  that  can  be  stored 
Methods  of  storing 

What  crops  I  shall  store,  and  how  I’m  going  to  do  it 

References  on  Gardening : 

Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Urbana,  Ill. 

Bui.  144  Growing  Tomatoes  for  Early  Market 

Bui.  174  An  Efficient  and  Practicable  Method  for  Controlling  Melon  Lice 
Circ.  139  How  to  Grow  Muskmelons 
Circ.  154  The  Home  Vegetable  Garden 
Circ.  173  Onion  Culture 

Circ.  182  The  Fertilizer  Problem  from  the  Vegetable  Grower’s  Standpoint 

U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Farmers’  Bui.  61  Asparagus  Culture 
Farmers’  Bui.  204  Cultivation  of  Mushrooms 
Farmers’  Bui.  220  Tomatoes 
Farmers’  Bui.  254  Cucumbers 
Farmers’  Bui.  282  Celery 
Farmers’  Bui.  354  Onion  Culture 
Farmers’  Bui.  433  Cabbage 
Farmers’  Bui.  553  Pop  Corn  for  the  Home 


CANNING  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

History  of  food  preservation 
Reasons  for  preserving  food 
What  causes  food  to  spoil 

Bacteria  Yeasts  Molds 

Conditions  under  which  foods  spoil  most  quickly 
Cold  storage  conservation 
Drying  as  a  means  of  preservation 
Preserves,  candied  fruits,  etc. 

(2)  Roll  call 

Talks  on  methods  of  canning : 

Open-kettle  method 
Cold-water  process 
Intermittent  method 
Cold-pack  method 
Equipment  for  home  canning 
Demonstration:  Show  a  complete  canning  outfit 

(3)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

What  I  am  using  for  an  outfit 
Steps  of  the  cold-pack  method 


33 


Demonstration:  Canning  one  fruit  or  one  vegetable 

.  N.B. — Several  meetings  may  be  held  with  a  demonstration  of  canning 
one  fruit  or  one  vegetable  in  order  to  get  the  method  well  fixed  in  the 
minds  of  the  club  members.  A  discussion  of  difficulties  met  by  individuals 
will  be  very  helpful.  At  each  meeting  there  should  be  a  discussion  of 
difficulties  met  since  the  last  meeting. 

(4)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Standard  of  a  perfect  canned  fruit 
Study  of  score  card 

Points  to  be  observed  to  secure  a  perfect  canned  product 

(5)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  prominent  places  where  exhibits  are  held. 
Talks  on: 

Canning  for  exhibits 
Points  of  the  score  card 

Difference  between  canning  for  exhibit  and  for  home  consumption 
Value  of  exhibiting 

Demonstration:  Have  an  exhibit,  and  have  club  members  act  as  judges. 


Belvideee  Canning  Club 


(6)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  places  where  contests  might  be  held 
Talks  on: 

Purposes  of  canning  contests 

Possible  regulations  for  canning  contests 

How  to  form  a  team  for  a  canning  contest 

How  a  team  should  work  together — part  each  member  must  play 
Hoav  a  contest  will  make  us  more  efficient 

(7)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  favorite  fruit  and  vegetable 
Mother’s  Day  program 

Have  a  general  discussion  of  canning-club  work,  with  suggestions  from 
mothers.  Make  plans  for  next  year’s  club  work. 


34 


References  on  Canning: 

U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 

NR  23  Canning  Windfall  and  Cull  Apples  and  Use  of  By-Products 
NR  24  Home  Canning  Instructions  to  Save  Fruit  and  Vegetable  Waste 
NR  25  Additional  Recipes,  Tested  and  Determined  for  Use  in  Boys’  and 
Girls’  Canning  Club  Work 
NR  26  Canning  of  Soups  and  Meats 

NR  28  Suggestions  and  Information  for  Canning  Demonstrations 
NR  29  Common  Home  Canning  Difficulties 

NR  30  Recipes  for  Canned  Vegetables,  Their  Preparation  for  Table  Use 
NR  33  Home  Canning  Instruction  (Methods  and  Devices) 

NR  36  Suggestions  and  Instruction  for  Home  Canning  Demonstrations 
Farmers’  Bui.  291  Evaporation  of  Apples 
Farmers’  Bui.  375  Care  of  Food  in  the  Home 
Farmers’  Bui.  521  Canning  Tomatoes  at  Home  and  in  Club  Work 
Household  Science  Department,  University  of  Illinois,  Urbana 
Principles  of  Jelly  Making 
The  Rural  School  Lunch 

GARMENT-MAKING  CLUB  PROGRAMS 

(1)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  kinds  of  material  used  for  sewing 
Talks  on: 

What  are  textiles 
Cotton  and  its  uses 
Flax  and  its  uses 
Wool  and  its  uses 
Silk  and  its  uses 

Demonstration:  Samples  of  various  goods  might  be  brought  to  make  talks 
more  interesting 

(2)  Roll  call,  answered  by  naming  colors  of  the  spectrum 
Talks  on: 

The  history  of  sewing 
Primitive  methods 

The  day  of  the  spinning  wheel  and  hand  loom 
Hand  sewing 
Machine  sewing 

(3)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

The  history  of  the  sewing  machine 
Types  of  sewing  machines 
Some  points  on  the  use  of  a  sewing  machine 
Demonstration:  Use  of  a  machine 

(4)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Needles — kinds,  history,  and  manufacture 

Pins 

Thread 

Thimble 

Scissors 

(5)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

The  various  stitches  used  in  sewing 

Running,  basting,  gathering 

Hemming 

Backstitch 

Combination  stitch 


35 


Overcasting 
Buttonholing 
Fancy  stitches 

Demonstration:  Samples  of  various  stitches  might  be  pointed  out  in  clothing 

(6)  Boll  call 
Talks  on: 

Care  of  the  clothing 

Laundering 

Removal  of  stains 

Mending — patching  and  darning 

Ironing 

Pressing 

(7)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Renovation  of  clothing 
Dyeing 
Making  over 
Altering 

(8)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Appropriate  dress  for  occasions  and  for  types  of  people 

Simplicity 

Good  taste 

Fashions 

(9)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Essentials  of  a  wardrobe 
Necessary  articles 
Necessary  numbers 

Types  of  clothing  for  various  kinds  of  work 

Keeping  our  “best”  distinct  from  “every-day”  clothing 

(10)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Types  of  people — blondes,  brunettes,  etc. 

Colors  suitable  for  types 
What  colors  could  I  wear 

(11)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

The  baby’s  clothes 

What  kind  of  clothing  little  brother  should  wear 
WThat  kind  of  clothing  little  sister  should  wear 
How  we  can  help  make  them 


(12)  Roll  call 

Bible  references  on  sewing 


(This  might  be  made  into  the  form  of  a  contest  to  see  who  could  find  the 


most  references  within  a  given  time) 

Gen.  3-7  Ex. 

Job  16-17 
Eccl.  3-7 
Eze.  13-18 

16-10  to  13 
Ex.  26-36 

27- 16 

28- 39 
28-4 
36-37 


38- 18 

39- 3  and  29 
Judges  5-30 
Ps.  45-14 
1  Ch.  29-2 

Story  of  Dorcas 

Story  of  Jacob’s  coat 

Story  of  Samuel’s  coat  made  by  Hannah 


36 


(13)  Roll  call 
Talks  on: 

Preparation  of  an  exhibit 
How  to  mount  an  exhibit 
Making  out  the  final  report 


References  on  Garment-Making : 

Some  Points  in  Choosing  Textiles.  Household  Science  Dept.,  University  of 
Illinois,  Urbana 

Sewing.  Household  Science  Dept.,  Ohio  State  University,  Columbus,  Ohio 

Textiles.  Iowa  State  University,  Ames,  Iowa 

Household  Arts.  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  Columbia,  Mo. 

Helps  for  Wash  Day.  International  Harvester  Co.,  Chicago 
Infant  Care.  U.  S.  Dept,  of  Labor,  Children’s  Bureau,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Printed  material  on  dyeing  and  dye  stuffs  may  be  obtained  from  such  com¬ 
mercial  firms  as: 

Rainbow  Dye  Co.,  131  Hudson  St.,  New  York 
Angel  Dainty  Dye  Co.,  112  W.  Lake  St.,  Chicago 
Monroe  Drug  Co.,  Quincy,  Ill. 


SUGGESTIONS  FOR  CLUB  DAY  IN  SUMMER 

This  may  be  held  in  a  park  adjoining  a  city  or  at  any  place  deter¬ 
mined  by  the  county  advisory  committee.  Parents  and  friends  of  club 
members  and  others  interested  are  to  be  invited. 

Program  for  the  day,  to  be  arranged  by  the  committee.  The  fol¬ 
lowing  suggestions  are  offered : 


Program 


10  A.  M.  Parade  of  club  members 


10:30  Baseball  game 

12  M.  Picnic  dinner 


1:15  P.  M.  50  yard  dash  for  boys  in  Class  A 

50  ”  ”  ”  girls  ”  ”  A 

50  ”  ”  ”  boys  ”  ”  B 

50  ”  ”  ”  girls  ”  ”  B 

Potato  relay — 4  man  team,  %  mile 
Corn  relay — 4  man  team,  t4  mile 

Potato-paring  contest — six  potatoes 
(Speed,  25;  skill,  25;  waste,  50) 

Needle-threading  contest — seven  needles 
Remove  thread  from  spool  and  knot 
(Speed,  30;  skill,  30;  quality,  40) 

2:30  Kite-flying  contest 

Best  banner  kite 
Strongest  puller 
Highest  flier 

(No  second  or  third  in  this  contest) 


37 


3:30  Canning  recipe  contest  (NR  series  used) 

This  contest  is  to  be  conducted  similar  to  a  spelling  contest. 
Each  contestant  in  turn  is  to  give  a  recipe  for  canning  a 
product  as  given  out  by  the  person  in  charge  of  the  contest. 
(One  entry  from  each  club) 

4:30  Spelling  contest 

300  words  selected  from  garden,  canning,  and  corn  literature. 
One  trial.  No  hesitation. 

(Two  entries  from  each  club) 

Rules. — Five  points  will  be  awarded  to  first  in  each  contest,  3 
points  to  second,  and  1  point  to  third,  unless  otherwise  designated. 

A  4-H  banner  will  be  awarded  to  the  clnb  winning  the  greatest 
number  of  points.  Pennants  for  second  and  third  places,  respectively, 
will  be  awarded. 


Play  Festival  in  Cook  County  • 


CLUB  CONTESTS 

CORN  STRINGING 

All  regularly  enrolled  members  of  a  corn  club  are  eligible. 

Rules  for  Contest  \ 

1.  Two  boys  constitute  a  team. 

2.  Each  team  shall  string  fifty  ears  of  corn  in  five  strings,  ten 
ears  each. 

3.  Corn  and  binder  twine  will  be  provided. 

4.  Corn  may  be  piled  in  any  manner  desired,  and  strings  may  be 
cut  and  in  readiness  before  contest  starts. 


38 


Basis  of  Award 


Time  required  .  50 

Appearance  of  strings .  50 

Total .  100 


(The  strings  of  corn  will  remain  the  property  of  the  committee.) 


CANNING  CLUB  CONTEST 

All  regularly  enrolled  members  of  boys’  and  girls’  canning  clubs 
are  eligible. 

Rules  for  Contest 

1.  Teams  must  consist  of  five  members. 

2.  Entries  limited  to  five  teams. 

3.  Each  team  to  demonstrate  the  canning  of  one  fruit  and  one 
vegetable : 

Fruit — 1  quart  of  apples  (or  other  fruit  selected  by  committee) 
Vegetables — 1  quart  tomatoes  (or  other  vegetables  selected  by 
committee) 


Canning  Contest  at  Jackson  County  Fair  School 


Basis  of  Award 


Time  required  .  40 

Quality  of  product .  40 

Skill  .  20 


Total .  100 

(The  canned  products  will  remain  the  property  of  the  committee.) 

4.  Each  team  must  supply  the  following  equipment  for  the 
contest : 


1  can  or  covered  pail,  lard  can,  or  wash  boiler,  with  false  bottom 

2  tablespoons,  1  teaspoon,  1  long-handled  spoon 
1  jar  funnel 

1  measuring  cup 

5  pans  (for  preparing  fruit  and  vegetables) 

1  covered  pan  (for  syrup) 

4  paring  knives 

2  yards  cheese  cloth  or  a  wire  basket,  for  blanching  product 
Small  jar  of  salt 

Tea  towels 


To  be  supplied  by  committee  for  each  team : 

2  gasoline  or  oil  stoves  (two  or  three  burners) 

~  2  tables  (or  one  long  one)  wdth  paper  or  oilcloth  on  top 
1  teakettle 

1  waterpail  (with  supply  of  fresh  clean  w^ater) 

1  garbage  can  with  cover 

1  pound  white  granulated  sugar 

Jars  enough  for  products  (with  a  few  extra) 

Good  can  rubbers 

5  pancake  turners  (to  be  bent  and  used  in  getting  jars  out  of  canner) 
Fruits  and  vegetables  for  canning  (as  specified) 

No  explanation  of  the  cold-pack  process  of  canning  will  be  given 
during  the  contest.  The  work  must  show  for  itself.  An  explanation 
of  club  work,  cold-pack  process,  etc.,  will  be  given  before  the  contest 
starts,  and  the  club  members  will  be  expected  to  answer  questions  on 
their  work  after  the  close  of  the  contest. 


THE  CLUB  LIBRARY 

Each  club  member  should  start  a  library  of  books  and  bulletins. 
Bulletins  can  be  obtained  free  from  the  Illinois  Agricultural  Experi¬ 
ment  Station,  Urbana,  Illinois,  and  from  the  U.  S.  Department  of 
Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C.  Both  publish  lists  of  available  bulle¬ 
tins  and  circulars  which  may  be  obtained  free  upon  application. 

Great  care  should  be  exercised  in  buying  books.  The  club  leader 
or  some  adult  who  knows  should  be  consulted.  The  “List  of  Books  for 
the  Farmer’s  Library,”  a  publication  issued  by  the  College  of  Agri¬ 
culture,  Urbana,  will  prove  helpful.  A  combination  desk  and  book 
case,  where  a  club  member  can  work  and  keep  the  library,  can  be  made. 


40 


PACKAGE  LIBRARIES 

The  Junior  Extension  Service,  in  cooperation  with  the  Library  of 
the  College  of  Agriculture,  has  prepared  package  libraries  of  books 
and  bulletins  on  the  subjects  of  corn,  pigs,  and  poultry.  These  collec¬ 
tions  have  been  prepared  especially  for  the  boys’  and  girls’  clubs, 
and  the  privilege  of  using  them  is  extended  to  all  such  clubs.  The 
routine  to  be  followed  in  obtaining  a  package  library  consists  in  the 
leader’s  signing  the  following  application  blank  and  sending  it  to  the 
Library  of  the  College  of  Agriculture,  University  of  Illinois,  Urbana, 
Illinois. 

Application  Blank 

The . club  of . 

. desires  a  package  library  on . 

If  such  a  library  is  sent,  I,  as  leader  of  the  club,  will  be  responsible 
for  its  use  and  return. 


Buies  and  Regulations 

Package  libraries  shall  consist  of  two  books  and  from  six  to  ten 
bulletins,  all  on  the  special  subjects  which  the  club  is  studying.  These 
libraries  will  be  sent  to  the  leader  of  the  club,  who  shall  assume  all 
responsibility  for  their  proper  care,  use,  and  return.  Loans  shall  be 
made  for  a  period  of  three  months.  The  College  will  pay  transporta¬ 
tion  in  sending  the  library  out  to  the  club,  and  the  club  will  pay  the 
return  transportation.  On  receipt  of  the  package  library,  the  club 
leader  will  check  the  collection  with  the  enclosed  lending  list  and 
acknowledge  with  a  postal  the  safe  receipt  of  the  library.  In  return¬ 
ing  the  material,  the  books  and  bulletins  should  be  again  checked  with 
the  lending  list.  All  books  or  pamphlets  which  have  been  lost  or 
mutilated  by  club  members  must  be  paid  for — the  books  at  the  rate  of 
$1.50  each  and  the  pamphlets  at  50c  each. 

The  librarian  will  appreciate  any  suggestions  from  the  club  lead¬ 
ers  and  members  regarding  methods  of  improving  package  libraries, 
or  new  subjects  which  should  be  treated. 


41 


A  MODEL  CONSTITUTION,  WITH  SUGGESTIONS  FOR 
PARLIAMENTARY  PROCEDURE1 

CONSTITUTION 

Article  I.  The  name  of  this  organization  shall  be  the . 

. . . . Club. 

(School,  township,  county,  etc.)  i_ 

Article  II.  The  object  of  this  club  is  to  increase  the  agricultural,  educational, 

and  social  advantages  of . 

(Name  of  geographical  unit) 

thru  home  projects,  entertainments,  lectures,  fairs,  exhibits,  etc. 

Article  III.  All  boys  and  girls  living  in . 

(Geographical  unit) 

between  the  ages  of  10  and  18  years  shall  be  eligible  for  membership. 

Article  IV.  Sec.  1.  The  officers  of  this  club  shall  consist  of  a  president,  a  vice 
president,  a  secretary,  and  a  treasurer. 

Sec.  2.  A  majority  vote  shall  constitute  an  election. 

Article  V.  Roberts’  Rules  of  Order  shall  govern  the  meetings  of  the  club. 

Article  VI.  The  order  of  business  for  all  regular  meetings  shall  be  as  follows: 

1.  Call  to  order 

2.  Roll  call 

3.  Reading  of  minutes  of  last  meeting. 

4.  Addition  or  corrections  to  the  minutes. 

5.  Reports  of  committees 

6.  Old  business 

7.  New  business 

8.  Considering  new  names  for  membership 

9.  Literary  program 

10.  Recreation  or  refreshments 

11.  Adjournment 

Article  VII.  Committees  for  special  purposes  may  be  appointed  by  the  president 
at  any  time. 


BY-LAWS 


Article  I.  The  club  motto  shall  be  ‘  ‘  To  make  the  BEST,  BETTER,”  and 
the  club  emblem  shall  be  a  four-leaf  clover  bearing  an  H  on  each  leaf. 

Article  II.  The  officers  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  at  the  annual  election  in.... 

. of  each  year. 

(Month) 

Article  III.  The  regular  meeting  of  the  club  shall  take  place  at. 


on  the. 


(Name  of  building) 


(Day  of  the  month) 

Article  IV.  Sec.  1.  A  quorum  shall  consist  of. 
of  the  membership  of  the  club. 

Sec.  2.  This  constitution  may  be  amended  by  a  vote  of 
of  the  members  present  at  any  regular  meeting. 


(Usually  two- thirds) 


(Two- thirds) 


Credit  is  due  Mr.  E.  C.  Lindemann,  State  Club  Leader  of  Michigan,  for  this 
material. 


42 


3  0112  098209494 


PARLIAMENTARY  PRACTICE  HINTS  AND  SUGGESTIONS 

a.  Always  address  the  president  as  Mr.  or  Miss  President. 

1).  All  remarks  should  be  addressed  to  the  president. 

c.  There  should  be  no  talking  between  members. 

d.  The  president  should  recognize  the  person  who  seeks  the  floor  by  saying: 

‘ ‘  Mr.  or  Miss . ” 

(Person’s  name) 

e.  This  indicates  that  the  person  thus  recognized  has  the  privilege  of  speak¬ 
ing  (of  the  floor)  and  must  not  be  interrupted. 

/.  The  only  interruptions  allowable  are  (1)  a  call  for  a  point  of  order,  or 
(2)  a  question. 

g.  A  point  of  order  applies  to  a  member  who  has  made  a  motion  which  is 
out  of  order  because  of  another  motion  before  the  meeting,  or  to  a  member  whose 
remarks  are  not  on  the  subject  under  consideration,  or  to  a  person  who  is  exceed¬ 
ing  the  time  limit  for  discussion,  etc.  A  point  of  order  is  executed  as  follows: 

Member  rising  while  another  is  speaking:  “Mr.  President,  I  rise  to  a  point 
of  order.  ” 

The  president  will  then  recognize  the  speaker  as  follows :  ‘  ‘  Mr . , 

please  state  your  point  of  order.  ’  ’ 

Member  who  has  interrupted  speaker :  f  ‘  Mr.  President,  the  speaker,  Mr. .  . . 

. is  out  of  order  because  his  remarks  are  not  on  the  subject 

(Interrupted  member’s  name) 

under  consideration  (or  is  out  of  order  because  there  is  another  motion  before 
the  meeting).’ ’ 

President:  “The  chair  decides  that  the  point  is  (or  is  not)  well  taken.” 

Whereupon  the  interrupted  speaker  takes  his  seat  or  makes  an  appeal  from 
the  decision  of  the  chair  as  follows: 

Interrupted  speaker :  ‘ ‘  Mr.  President,  I  appeal  from  the  decision  of  the 

chair.  ’ 5 

President:  “Mr .  appeals  from  the  decision  of  the  chair. 

As  many  as  are  in  favor  of  sustaining  the  decision  of  the  chair  will  make  manifest 
by  saying  ‘Aye;’  contrary-minded,  ‘No.’  ” 

The  motion  is  (or  is  not)  carried. 

If  the  motion  is  carried,  and  the  decision  of  the  chair  is  thus  sustained,  the 
interrupted  speaker  has  no  further  recourse  and  must  take  his  seat.  If,  however, 
the  motion  is  lost  and  the  decision  of  the  chair  is  not  sustained,  the  speaker  may 
continue  to  speak. 

Question.  The  speaker  may  be  interrupted  by  any  member  for  the  purpose  of 
asking  a  question.  This  question  may  be  one  of  personal  privilege  or  may  be 
for  the  purpose  of  gaining  information  about  the  subject  under  discussion.  The 
execution  of  this  motion  may  proceed  as  follows : 

Member  taking  floor  while  another  member  is  speaking:  “Mr.  President,  I 
rise  to  a  question  of  information.” 

Presiding  officer:  “State  your  question.” 

Member:  “Do  I  understand  the  speaker  to  mean  that . etc?” 

The  speaker  then  proceeds  to  give  the  information  desired,  and  the  meeting 
proceeds. 

In  case  of  a  question  of  personal  privilege  the  process  is  as  follows: 

Member,  rising  and  interrupting  speaker:  “Mr.  President,  I  rise  to  a  ques¬ 
tion  of  personal  privilege.” 

Presiding  officer:  “State  your  question.” 

Member :  ‘  ‘  Mr.  President,  this  room  is  too  warm  for  comfort,  and  I  there¬ 
fore  ask  to  have  the  windows  opened.  ’  ’ 

In  either  case  the  presiding  officer  may  rule  for  or  against  the  person  asking 
the  question. 


